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David Widger - "Quotations From John Lothrop Motley"

Mr. Kin nosuke Natsume, trans. by Yasotaro Morri - "Botchan (Master Darling)"

Henry Sweet - "An Icelandic Primer"

Founding Fathers - "The United States' Constitution"

Diary of Samuel Pepys, Complete

S >> Samuel Pepys >> Diary of Samuel Pepys, Complete




13th. Coming in the morning to my office, I met with Mr. Fage and took
him to the Swan? He told me how high Haselrigge, and Morly, the last
night began at my Lord Mayor's to exclaim against the City of London,
saying that they had forfeited their charter. And how the Chamberlain of
the City did take them down, letting them know how much they were formerly
beholding to the City, &c. He also told me that Monk's letter that came
to them by the sword-bearer was a cunning piece, and that which they did
not much trust to; but they were resolved to make no more applications to
the Parliament, nor to pay any money, unless the secluded members be
brought in, or a free Parliament chosen. Thence to my office, where
nothing to do. So to Will's with Mr. Pinkney, who invited me to their
feast at his Hall the next Monday. Thence I went home and took my wife
and dined at Mr. Wades, and after that we went and visited Catan. From
thence home again, and my wife was very unwilling to let me go forth, but
with some discontent would go out if I did, and I going forth towards
Whitehall, I saw she followed me, and so I staid and took her round
through Whitehall, and so carried her home angry. Thence I went to Mrs.
Jem, and found her up and merry, and that it did not prove the small-pox,
but only the swine-pox; so I played a game or two at cards with her. And
so to Mr. Vines, where he and I and Mr. Hudson played half-a-dozen things,
there being there Dick's wife and her sister. After that I went home and
found my wife gone abroad to Mr. Hunt's, and came in a little after
me.--So to bed.

14th. Nothing to do at our office. Thence into the Hall, and just as I
was going to dinner from Westminster Hall with Mr. Moore (with whom I had
been in the lobby to hear news, and had spoke with Sir Anthony Ashley
Cooper about my Lord's lodgings) to his house, I met with Captain Holland,
who told me that he hath brought his wife to my house, so I posted home
and got a dish of meat for them. They staid with me all the afternoon,
and went hence in the evening. Then I went with my wife, and left her at
market, and went myself to the Coffee-house, and heard exceeding good
argument against Mr. Harrington's assertion, that overbalance of propriety
[i.e., property] was the foundation of government. Home, and wrote to
Hinchinbroke, and sent that and my other letter that missed of going on
Thursday last. So to bed.

15th. Having been exceedingly disturbed in the night with the barking of
a dog of one of our neighbours that I could not sleep for an hour or two,
I slept late, and then in the morning took physic, and so staid within all
day. At noon my brother John came to me, and I corrected as well as I
could his Greek speech to say the Apposition, though I believe he himself
was as well able to do it as myself. After that we went to read in the
great Officiale about the blessing of bells in the Church of Rome. After
that my wife and I in pleasant discourse till night, then I went to
supper, and after that to make an end of this week's notes in this book,
and so to bed. It being a cold day and a great snow my physic did not
work so well as it should have done.

16th. In the morning I went up to Mr. Crew's, and at his bedside he gave
me direction to go to-morrow with Mr. Edward to Twickenham, and likewise
did talk to me concerning things of state; and expressed his mind how just
it was that the secluded members should come to sit again. I went from
thence, and in my way went into an alehouse and drank my morning draft
with Matthew Andrews and two or three more of his friends, coachmen. And
of one of them I did hire a coach to carry us to-morrow to Twickenham.
From thence to my office, where nothing to do; but Mr. Downing he came and
found me all alone; and did mention to me his going back into Holland, and
did ask me whether I would go or no, but gave me little encouragement, but
bid me consider of it; and asked me whether I did not think that Mr. Hawly
could perform the work of my office alone or no. I confess I was at a
great loss, all the day after, to bethink myself how to carry this
business. At noon, Harry Ethall came to me and went along with Mr.
Maylard by coach as far as Salsbury Court, and there we set him down, and
we went to the Clerks, where we came a little too late, but in a closet we
had a very good dinner by Mr. Pinkny's courtesy, and after dinner we had
pretty good singing, and one, Hazard, sung alone after the old fashion,
which was very much cried up, but I did not like it. Thence we went to
the Green Dragon, on Lambeth Hill, both the Mr. Pinkney's, Smith,
Harrison, Morrice, that sang the bass, Sheply and I, and there we sang of
all sorts of things, and I ventured with good success upon things at first
sight, and after that I played on my flageolet, and staid there till nine
o'clock, very merry and drawn on with one song after another till it came
to be so late. After that Sheply, Harrison and myself, we went towards
Westminster on foot, and at the Golden Lion, near Charing Cross, we went
in and drank a pint of wine, and so parted, and thence home, where I found
my wife and maid a-washing. I staid up till the bell-man came by with his
bell just under my window as I was writing of this very line, and cried,
"Past one of the clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning." I then went
to bed, and left my wife and the maid a-washing still.

17th. Early I went to Mr. Crew's, and having given Mr. Edward money to
give the servants, I took him into the coach that waited for us and
carried him to my house, where the coach waited for me while I and the
child went to Westminster Hall, and bought him some pictures. In the Hall
I met Mr. Woodfine, and took him to Will's and drank with him. Thence the
child and I to the coach, where my wife was ready, and so we went towards
Twickenham. In our way, at Kensington we understood how that my Lord
Chesterfield had killed another gentleman about half an hour before, and
was fled.

[Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield, ob. 1713, act. suae
80. We learn, from the memoir prefixed to his "Printed
Correspondence," that he fought three duels, disarming and wounding
his first and second antagonists, and killing the third. The name
of the unfortunate gentleman who fell on this occasion was Woolly.
Lord Chesterfield, absconding, went to Breda, where he obtained the
royal pardon from Charles II. He acted a busy part in the eventful
times in which he lived, and was remarkable for his steady adherence
to the Stuarts. Lord Chesterfield's letter to Charles II., and the
King's answer granting the royal pardon, occur in the Correspondence
published by General Sir John Murray, in 1829.

"Jan. 17th, 1659. The Earl of Chesterfield and Dr. Woolly's son of
Hammersmith, had a quarrel about a mare of eighteen pounds price;
the quarrel would not be reconciled, insomuch that a challenge
passed between them. They fought a duel on the backside of Mr.
Colby's house at Kensington, where the Earl and he had several
passes. The Earl wounded him in two places, and would fain have
then ended, but the stubbornness and pride of heart of Mr. Woolly
would not give over, and the next pass [he] was killed on the spot.
The Earl fled to Chelsea, and there took water and escaped. The
jury found it chance-medley."--Rugge's "Diurnal," Addit MSS.,
British Museum.--B.]

We went forward and came about one of the clock to Mr. Fuller's, but he
was out of town, so we had a dinner there, and I gave the child 40s. to
give to the two ushers. After that we parted and went homewards, it being
market day at Brainford [Brentford]. I set my wife down and went with the
coach to Mr. Crew's, thinking to have spoke with Mr. Moore and Mrs. Jem,
he having told me the reason of his melancholy was some unkindness from
her after so great expressions of love, and how he had spoke to her
friends and had their consent, and that he would desire me to take an
occasion of speaking with her, but by no means not to heighten her
discontent or distaste whatever it be, but to make it up if I can. But he
being out of doors, I went away and went to see Mrs. Jem, who was now very
well again, and after a game or two at cards, I left her. So I went to
the Coffee Club, and heard very good discourse; it was in answer to Mr.
Harrington's answer, who said that the state of the Roman government was
not a settled government, and so it was no wonder that the balance of
propriety [i.e., property] was in one hand, and the command in another, it
being therefore always in a posture of war; but it was carried by ballot,
that it was a steady government, though it is true by the voices it had
been carried before that it was an unsteady government; so to-morrow it is
to be proved by the opponents that the balance lay in one hand, and the
government in another. Thence I went to Westminster, and met Shaw and
Washington, who told me how this day Sydenham

[Colonel William Sydenham had been an active officer during the
Civil Wars, on the Parliament side; M.P. for Dorsetshire, Governor
of Melcombe, and one of the Committee of Safety. He was the elder
brother of the celebrated physician of that name.--B.]

was voted out of the House for sitting any more this Parliament, and that
Salloway was voted out likewise and sent to the Tower, during the pleasure
of the House. Home and wrote by the Post, and carried to Whitehall, and
coming back turned in at Harper-'s, where Jack Price was, and I drank with
him and he told me, among other, things, how much the Protector

[Richard Cromwell, third son of Oliver Cromwell, born October 4th,
1626, admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn, May 27th, 1647, fell into
debt and devoted himself to hunting and field sports. His
succession to his father as Protector was universally accepted at
first, but the army soon began to murmur because he was not a
general. Between the dissensions of various parties he fell, and
the country was left in a state of anarchy: He went abroad early in
the summer of 1660, and lived abroad for some years, returning to
England in 1680. After his fall he bore the name of John Clarke.
Died at Cheshunt, July 12th, 1712.]

is altered, though he would seem to bear out his trouble very well, yet he
is scarce able to talk sense with a man; and how he will say that "Who
should a man trust, if he may not trust to a brother and an uncle;" and
"how much those men have to answer before God Almighty, for their playing
the knave with him as they did." He told me also, that there was;
L100,000 offered, and would have been taken for his restitution, had not
the Parliament come in as they did again; and that he do believe that the
Protector will live to give a testimony of his valour and revenge yet
before he dies, and that the Protector will say so himself sometimes.
Thence I went home, it being late and my wife in bed.

18th. To my office and from thence to Will's, and there Mr. Sheply
brought me letters from the carrier and so I went home. After that to
Wilkinson's, where we had a dinner for Mr. Talbot, Adams, Pinkny and his
son, but his son did not come. Here we were very merry, and while I was
here Mr. Fuller came thither and staid a little, while.

After that we all went to my Lord's, whither came afterwards Mr. Harrison,
and by chance seeing Mr. Butler--[Mr. Butler is usually styled by Pepys
Mons. l'Impertinent.]--coming by I called him in and so we sat drinking a
bottle of wine till night. At which time Mistress Ann--[Probably Mrs.
(afterwards Lady) Anne Montagu, daughter of Sir Edward Montagu, and sister
to Mrs. Jem.]--came with the key of my Lord's study for some things, and
so we all broke up and after I had gone to my house and interpreted my
Lord's letter by his character--[The making of ciphers was a popular
amusement about this time. Pepys made several for Montagu, Downing, and
others.]--I came to her again and went with her to her lodging and from
thence to Mr. Crew's, where I advised with him what to do about my Lord's
lodgings and what answer to give to Sir Ant. Cooper and so I came home and
to bed. All the world is at a loss to think what Monk will do: the City
saying that he will be for them, and the Parliament saying he will be for
them.

19th. This morning I was sent for to Mr. Downing, and at his bed side he
told me, that he had a kindness for me, and that he thought that he had
done me one; and that was, that he had got me to be one of the Clerks of
the Council; at which I was a little stumbled, and could not tell what to
do, whether to thank him or no; but by and by I did; but not very
heartily, for I feared that his doing of it was but only to ease himself
of the salary which he gives me. After that Mr. Sheply staying below all
this time for me we went thence and met Mr. Pierce,

[Pepys had two friends named Pierce, one the surgeon and the other
the purser; he usually (but not always) distinguishes them. The one
here alluded to was probably the surgeon, and husband of pretty Mrs.
Pierce. After the Restoration James Pearse or Pierce became Surgeon
to the Duke of York, and he was also Surgeon-General of the Fleet.]

so at the Harp and Ball drank our morning draft and so to Whitehall where
I met with Sir Ant. Cooper and did give him some answer from my Lord and
he did give us leave to keep the lodgings still. And so we did determine
thereupon that Mr. Sheply might now go into the country and would do so
to-morrow. Back I went by Mr. Downing's order and staid there till twelve
o'clock in expectation of one to come to read some writings, but he came
not, so I staid all alone reading the answer of the Dutch Ambassador to
our State, in answer to the reasons of my Lord's coming home, which he
gave for his coming, and did labour herein to contradict my Lord's
arguments for his coming home. Thence to my office and so with Mr. Sheply
and Moore, to dine upon a turkey with Mrs. Jem, and after that Mr. Moore
and I went to the French Ordinary, where Mr. Downing this day feasted Sir
Arth. Haselrigge, and a great many more of the Parliament, and did stay to
put him in mind of me. Here he gave me a note to go and invite some other
members to dinner tomorrow. So I went to White Hall, and did stay at
Marsh's, with Simons, Luellin, and all the rest of the Clerks of the
Council, who I hear are all turned out, only the two Leighs, and they do
all tell me that my name was mentioned the last night, but that nothing
was done in it. Hence I went and did leave some of my notes at the
lodgings of the members and so home. To bed.

20th. In the morning I went to Mr. Downing's bedside and gave him an
account what I had done as to his guests, land I went thence to my Lord
Widdrington who I met in the street, going to seal the patents for the
judges to-day, and so could not come to dinner. I called upon Mr.
Calthrop about the money due to my Lord. Here I met with Mr. Woodfine and
drank with him at the Sun in Chancery Lane and so to Westminster Hall,
where at the lobby I spoke with the rest of my guests and so to my office.
At noon went by water with Mr. Maylard and Hales to the Swan in Fish
Street at our Goal Feast, where we were very merry at our Jole of Ling,
and from thence after a great and good dinner Mr. Falconberge would go
drink a cup of ale at a place where I had like to have shot at a scholar
that lay over the house of office. Thence calling on Mr. Stephens and
Wootton (with whom I drank) about business of my Lord's I went to the
Coffee Club where there was nothing done but choosing of a Committee for
orders. Thence to Westminster Hall where Mrs. Lane and the rest of the
maids had their white scarfs, all having been at the burial of a young
bookseller in the Hall.

[These stationers and booksellers, whose shops disfigured
Westminster Hall down to a late period, were a privileged class.
In the statutes for appointing licensers and regulating the press,
there is a clause exempting them from the pains and penalties of
these obnoxious laws.]

Thence to Mr. Sheply's and took him to my house and drank with him in
order to his going to-morrow. So parted and I sat up late making up my
accounts before he go. This day three citizens of London went to meet
Monk from the Common Council!

"Jan. 20th. Then there went out of the City, by desire of the Lord
Mayor and Court of Aldermen, Alderman Fowke and Alderman Vincett,
alias Vincent, and Mr. Broomfield, to compliment General Monk, who
lay at Harborough Town, in Leicestershire."

"Jan. 21st. Because the Speaker was sick, and Lord General Monk so
near London, and everybody thought that the City would suffer for
their affronts to the soldiery, and because they had sent the sword-
bearer to, the General without the Parliament's consent, and the
three Aldermen were gone to give him the welcome to town, these four
lines were in almost everybody's mouth:

"Monk under a hood, not well understood,
The City pull in their horns;
The Speaker is out, and sick of the gout,
And the Parliament sit upon thorns."
--Rugge's 'Diurnal.'--B."

21st. Up early in finishing my accounts and writing to my Lord and from
thence to my Lord's and took leave of Mr. Sheply and possession of all the
keys and the house. Thence to my office for some money to pay Mr. Sheply
and sent it him by the old man. I then went to Mr. Downing who chid me
because I did not give him notice of some of his guests failed him but I
told him that I sent our porter to tell him and he was not within, but he
told me that he was within till past twelve o'clock. So the porter or he
lied. Thence to my office where nothing to do. Then with Mr. Hawly, he
and I went to Mr. Crew's and dined there. Thence into London, to Mr.
Vernon's and I received my L25 due by bill for my troopers' pay. Then
back again to Steadman's. At the Mitre, in Fleet street, in our way
calling on Mr. Fage, who told me how the City have some hopes of Monk.
Thence to the Mitre, where I drank a pint of wine, the house being in
fitting for Banister to come hither from Paget's. Thence to Mrs. Jem and
gave her L5. So home and left my money and to Whitehall where Luellin and
I drank and talked together an hour at Marsh's and so up to the clerks'
room, where poor Mr. Cook, a black man, that is like to be put out of his
clerk's place, came and railed at me for endeavouring to put him out and
get myself in, when I was already in a good condition. But I satisfied
him and after I had wrote a letter there to my Lord, wherein I gave him an
account how this day Lenthall took his chair again, and [the House]
resolved a declaration to be brought in on Monday next to satisfy the
world what they intend to do. So home and to bed.

22nd. I went in the morning to Mr. Messum's, where I met with W. Thurburn
and sat with him in his pew. A very eloquent sermon about the duty of all
to give good example in our lives and conversation, which I fear he
himself was most guilty of not doing. After sermon, at the door by
appointment my wife met me, and so to my father's to dinner, where we had
not been to my shame in a fortnight before. After dinner my father shewed
me a letter from Mr. Widdrington, of Christ's College, in Cambridge,
wherein he do express very great kindness for my brother, and my father
intends that my brother shall go to him. To church in the afternoon to
Mr. Herring, where a lazy poor sermon. And so home with Mrs. Turner and
sitting with her a while we went to my father's where we supt very merry,
and so home. This day I began to put on buckles to my shoes, which I have
bought yesterday of Mr. Wotton.

23rd. In the morning called out to carry L20 to Mr. Downing, which I did
and came back, and finding Mr. Pierce, the surgeon, I took him to the Axe
and gave him his morning draft. Thence to my office and there did nothing
but make up my balance. Came home and found my wife dressing of the
girl's head, by which she was made to look very pretty. I went out and
paid Wilkinson what I did owe him, and brought a piece of beef home for
dinner. Thence I went out and paid Waters, the vintner, and went to see
Mrs. Jem, where I found my Lady Wright, but Scott was so drunk that he
could not be seen. Here I staid and made up Mrs. Ann's bills, and played
a game or two at cards, and thence to Westminster Hall, it being very
dark. I paid Mrs. Michell, my bookseller, and back to Whitehall, and in
the garden, going through to the Stone Gallery--[The Stone Gallery was a
long passage between the Privy Garden and the river. It led from the
Bowling Green to the Court of the Palace]--I fell into a ditch, it being
very dark. At the Clerk's chamber I met with Simons and Luellin, and went
with them to Mr. Mount's chamber at the Cock Pit, where we had some rare
pot venison, and ale to abundance till almost twelve at night, and after a
song round we went home. This day the Parliament sat late, and resolved
of the declaration to be printed for the people's satisfaction, promising
them a great many good things.

24th. In the morning to my office, where, after I had drank my morning
draft at Will's with Ethell and Mr. Stevens, I went and told part of the
excise money till twelve o'clock, and then called on my wife and took her
to Mr. Pierces, she in the way being exceedingly troubled with a pair of
new pattens, and I vexed to go so slow, it being late. There when we came
we found Mrs. Carrick very fine, and one Mr. Lucy, who called one another
husband and wife, and after dinner a great deal of mad stir. There was
pulling off Mrs. bride's and Mr. bridegroom's ribbons;

[The scramble for ribbons, here mentioned by Pepys in connection
with weddings (see also January 26th, 1660-61, and February 8th,
1662-3), doubtless formed part of the ceremony of undressing the
bridegroom, which, as the age became more refined, fell into disuse.
All the old plays are silent on the custom; the earliest notice of
which occurs in the old ballad of the wedding of Arthur O'Bradley,
printed in the Appendix to "Robin Hood," 1795, where we read--

"Then got they his points and his garters,
And cut them in pieces like martyrs;
And then they all did play
For the honour of Arthur O'Bradley."

Sir Winston Churchill also observes ("Divi Britannici," p. 340) that
James I. was no more troubled at his querulous countrymen robbing
him than a bridegroom at the losing of his points and garters. Lady
Fanshawe, in her "Memoirs," says, that at the nuptials of Charles
II. and the Infanta, "the Bishop of London declared them married in
the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and then they
caused the ribbons her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces; and
as far as they would go, every one had some." The practice still
survives in the form of wedding favours.

A similar custom is still of every day's occurrence at Dieppe. Upon
the morrow after their marriage, the bride and bridegroom
perambulate the streets, followed by a numerous cortege, the guests
at the wedding festival, two and two; each individual wearing two
bits of narrow ribbon, about two inches in length, of different
colours, which are pinned crossways upon the breast. These morsels
of ribbons originally formed the garters of the bride and
bridegroom, which had been divided amidst boisterous mirth among the
assembled company, the moment the happy pair had been formally
installed in the bridal bed.--Ex. inf. Mr. William .Hughes,
Belvedere, Jersey.--B.]

with a great deal of fooling among them that I and my wife did not like.
Mr. Lucy and several other gentlemen coming in after dinner, swearing and
singing as if they were mad, only he singing very handsomely. There came
in afterwards Mr. Southerne, clerk to Mr. Blackburne, and with him
Lambert, lieutenant of my Lord's ship, and brought with them the
declaration that came out to-day from the Parliament, wherein they declare
for law and gospel, and for tythes; but I do not find people apt to
believe them. After this taking leave I went to my father's, and my wife
staying there, he and I went to speak with Mr. Crumlum (in the meantime,
while it was five o'clock, he being in the school, we went to my cozen Tom
Pepys' shop, the turner in Paul's Churchyard, and drank with him a pot of
ale); he gave my father directions what to do about getting my brother an
exhibition, and spoke very well of my brother. Thence back with my father
home, where he and I spoke privately in the little room to my sister Pall
about stealing of things as my wife's scissars and my maid's book, at
which my father was much troubled. Hence home with my wife and so to
Whitehall, where I met with Mr. Hunt and Luellin, and drank with them at
Marsh's, and afterwards went up and wrote to my Lord by the post. This
day the Parliament gave order that the late Committee of Safety should
come before them this day se'nnight, and all their papers, and their model
of Government that they had made, to be brought in with them. So home and
talked with my wife about our dinner on Thursday.

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