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Diary of Samuel Pepys, Complete

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19th (Office day). I put on my mourning and went to the office. At noon
thinking to have found my wife in hers, I found that the tailor had failed
her, at which I was vexed because of an invitation that we have to a
dinner this day, but after having waited till past one o'clock I went, and
left her to put on some other clothes and come after me to the Mitre
tavern in Wood-street (a house of the greatest note in London), where I
met W. Symons, and D. Scobell, and their wives, Mr. Samford, Luellin,
Chetwind, one Mr. Vivion, and Mr. White,

[According to Noble, Jeremiah White married Lady Frances Cromwell's
waiting-woman, in Oliver's lifetime, and they lived together fifty
years. Lady Frances had two husbands, Mr. Robert Rich and Sir John
Russell of Chippenham, the last of whom she survived fifty-two years
dying 1721-22 The story is, that Oliver found White on his knees to
Frances Cromwell, and that, to save himself, he pretended to have
been soliciting her interest with her waiting-woman, whom Oliver
compelled him to marry. (Noble's "Life of Cromwell," vol. ii.
pp. 151, 152.) White was born in 1629 and died 1707.]

formerly chaplin to the Lady Protectresse--[Elizabeth, wife of Oliver
Cromwell.]--(and still so, and one they say that is likely to get my Lady
Francess for his wife). Here we were very merry and had a very good
dinner, my wife coming after me hither to us.

Among other pleasures some of us fell to handycapp,

["A game at cards not unlike Loo, but with this difference, the
winner of one trick has to put in a double stake, the winner of two
tricks a triple stake, and so on. Thus, if six persons are playing,
and the general stake is 1s., suppose A gains the three tricks, he
gains 6s., and has to 'hand i' the cap,' or pool, 4s. for the next
deal. Suppose A gains two tricks and B one, then A gains 4s. and B
2s., and A has to stake 3s. and B 2s. for the next deal."--Hindley's
Tavern Anecdotes.--M. B.]

a sport that I never knew before, which was very good. We staid till it
was very late; it rained sadly, but we made shift to get coaches. So home
and to bed.

20th. At home, and at the office, and in the garden walking with both Sir
Williams all the morning. After dinner to Whitehall to Mr. Dalton, and
with him to my house and took away all my papers that were left in my
closet, and so I have now nothing more in the house or to do with it. We
called to speak with my Landlord Beale, but he was not within but spoke
with the old woman, who takes it very ill that I did not let her have it,
but I did give her an answer. From thence to Sir G. Downing and staid
late there (he having sent for me to come to him), which was to tell me
how my Lord Sandwich had disappointed him of a ship to bring over his
child and goods, and made great complaint thereof; but I got him to write
a letter to Lawson, which it may be may do the business for him, I writing
another also about it. While he was writing, and his Lady and I had a
great deal of discourse in praise of Holland. By water to the Bridge, and
so to Major Hart's lodgings in Cannon-street, who used me very kindly with
wine and good discourse, particularly upon the ill method which Colonel
Birch and the Committee use in defending of the army and the navy;
promising the Parliament to save them a great deal of money, when we judge
that it will cost the King more than if they had nothing to do with it, by
reason of their delays and scrupulous enquirys into the account of both.
So home and to bed.

21st (Office day). There all the morning and afternoon till 4 o'clock.
Hence to Whitehall, thinking to have put up my, books at my Lord's, but am
disappointed from want of a chest which I had at Mr. Bowyer's. Back by
water about 8 o'clock, and upon the water saw the corpse of the Duke of
Gloucester brought down Somerset House stairs, to go by water to
Westminster, to be buried to-night. I landed at the old Swan and went to
the Hoop Tavern, and (by a former agreement) sent for Mr. Chaplin, who
with Nicholas Osborne and one Daniel came to us and we drank off two or
three quarts of wine, which was very good; the drawing of our wine causing
a great quarrel in the house between the two drawers which should draw us
the best, which caused a great deal of noise and falling out till the
master parted them, and came up to us and did give us a large account of
the liberty that he gives his servants, all alike, to draw what wine they
will to please his customers; and we did eat above 200 walnuts. About to
o'clock we broke up and so home, and in my way I called in with them at
Mr. Chaplin's, where Nicholas Osborne did give me a barrel of samphire,

[Samphire was formerly a favourite pickle; hence the "dangerous
trade" of the samphire gatherer ("King Lear," act iv. sc. 6) who
supplied the demand. It was sold in the streets, and one of the old
London cries was "I ha' Rock Samphier, Rock Samphier!"]

and showed me the keys of Mardyke Fort,

[A fort four miles east of Dunkirk, probably dismantled when that
town was sold to Louis XIV.]

which he that was commander of the fort sent him as a token when the fort
was demolished, which I was mightily pleased to see, and will get them of
him if I can. Home, where I found my boy (my maid's brother) come out of
the country to-day, but was gone to bed and so I could not see him
to-night. To bed.

22nd. This morning I called up my boy, and found him a pretty,
well-looked boy, and one that I think will please me. I went this morning
by land to Westminster along with Luellin, who came to my house this
morning to get me to go with him to Capt. Allen to speak with him for his
brother to go with him to Constantinople, but could not find him. We
walked on to Fleet street, where at Mr. Standing's in Salsbury Court we
drank our morning draft and had a pickled herring. Among other discourse
here he told me how the pretty woman that I always loved at the beginning
of Cheapside that sells child's coats was served by the Lady Bennett (a
famous strumpet), who by counterfeiting to fall into a swoon upon the
sight of her in her shop, became acquainted with her, and at last got her
ends of her to lie with a gentleman that had hired her to procure this
poor soul for him. To Westminster to my Lord's, and there in the house of
office vomited up all my breakfast, my stomach being ill all this day by
reason of the last night's debauch. Here I sent to Mr. Bowyer's for my
chest and put up my books and sent them home. I staid here all day in my
Lord's chamber and upon the leads gazing upon Diana, who looked out of a
window upon me. At last I went out to Mr. Harper's, and she standing over
the way at the gate, I went over to her and appointed to meet to-morrow in
the afternoon at my Lord's. Here I bought a hanging jack. From thence by
coach home by the way at the New Exchange

[In the Strand; built, under the auspices of James I., in 1608, out
of the stables of Durham House, the site of the present Adelphi.
The New Exchange stood where Coutts's banking-house now is. "It was
built somewhat on the model of the Royal Exchange, with cellars
beneath, a walk above, and rows of shops over that, filled chiefly
with milliners, sempstresses, and the like." It was also called
"Britain's Burse." "He has a lodging in the Strand . . . to
watch when ladies are gone to the china houses, or to the Exchange,
that he may meet them by chance and give them presents, some two or
three hundred pounds worth of toys, to be laughed at"--Ben Jonson,
The Silent Woman, act i. sc. 1.]

I bought a pair of short black stockings, to wear over a pair of silk ones
for mourning; and here I met with The. Turner and Joyce, buying of things
to go into mourning too for the Duke, which is now the mode of all the
ladies in town), where I wrote some letters by the post to Hinchinbroke to
let them know that this day Mr. Edw. Pickering is come from my Lord, and
says that he left him well in Holland, and that he will be here within
three or four days. To-day not well of my last night's drinking yet. I
had the boy up to-night for his sister to teach him to put me to bed, and
I heard him read, which he did pretty well.

23rd (Lord's day). My wife got up to put on her mourning to-day and to go
to Church this morning. I up and set down my journall for these 5 days
past. This morning came one from my father's with a black cloth coat,
made of my short cloak, to walk up and down in. To church my wife and I,
with Sir W. Batten, where we heard of Mr. Mills a very good sermon upon
these words, "So run that ye may obtain." After dinner all alone to
Westminster. At Whitehall I met with Mr. Pierce and his wife (she newly
come forth after childbirth) both in mourning for the Duke of Gloucester.
She went with Mr. Child to Whitehall chapel and Mr. Pierce with me to the
Abbey, where I expected to hear Mr. Baxter or Mr. Rowe preach their
farewell sermon, and in Mr. Symons's pew I sat and heard Mr. Rowe. Before
sermon I laughed at the reader, who in his prayer desires of God that He
would imprint his word on the thumbs of our right hands and on the right
great toes of our right feet. In the midst of the sermon some plaster
fell from the top of the Abbey, that made me and all the rest in our pew
afeard, and I wished myself out. After sermon with Mr. Pierce to
Whitehall, and from thence to my Lord, but Diana did not come according to
our agreement. So calling at my father's (where my wife had been this
afternoon but was gone home) I went home. This afternoon, the King having
news of the Princess being come to Margate, he and the Duke of York went
down thither in barges to her.

24th (Office day). From thence to dinner by coach with my wife to my
Cozen Scott's, and the company not being come, I went over the way to the
Barber's. So thither again to dinner, where was my uncle Fenner and my
aunt, my father and mother, and others. Among the rest my Cozen Rich.
Pepys,

[Richard Pepys, eldest son of Richard Pepys, Lord Chief Justice of
Ireland. He went to Boston, Mass., in 1634, and returned to England
about 1646.]

their elder brother, whom I had not seen these fourteen years, ever since
he came from New England. It was strange for us to go a gossiping to her,
she having newly buried her child that she was brought to bed of. I rose
from table and went to the Temple church, where I had appointed Sir W.
Batten to meet him; and there at Sir Heneage Finch Sollicitor General's
chambers, before him and Sir W. Wilde,

[William Wilde, elected Recorder on November 3rd, 1659, and
appointed one of the commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles
II. to return to England immediately. He was knighted after the
King's return, called to the degree of Serjeant, and created a
baronet, all in the same year. In 1668 he ceased to be Recorder,
and was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas. In 1673 he
was removed to the King's Bench. He was turned out of his office in
1679 on account of his action in connection with the Popish Plot,
and died November 23rd of the same year.]

Recorder of London (whom we sent for from his chamber) we were sworn
justices of peace for Middlesex, Essex, Kent, and Southampton; with which
honour I did find myself mightily pleased, though I am wholly ignorant in
the duty of a justice of peace. From thence with Sir William to Whitehall
by water (old Mr. Smith with us) intending to speak with Secretary
Nicholas about the augmentation of our salaries, but being forth we went
to the Three Tuns tavern, where we drank awhile, and then came in Col.
Slingsby and another gentleman and sat with us. From thence to my Lord's
to enquire whether they have had any thing from my Lord or no. Knocking
at the door, there passed me Mons. L'Impertinent [Mr. Butler] for whom I
took a coach and went with him to a dancing meeting in Broad Street, at
the house that was formerly the glass-house, Luke Channel, Master of the
School, where I saw good dancing, but it growing late, and the room very
full of people and so very hot, I went home.

25th. To the office, where Sir W. Batten, Colonel Slingsby, and I sat
awhile, and Sir R. Ford

[Sir Richard Ford was one of the commissioners sent to Breda to
desire Charles II. to return to England immediately.]

coming to us about some business, we talked together of the interest of
this kingdom to have a peace with Spain and a war with France and Holland;
where Sir R. Ford talked like a man of great reason and experience. And
afterwards I did send for a cup of tee'

[That excellent and by all Physicians, approved, China drink, called
by the Chineans Tcha, by other nations Tay alias Tee, is sold at the
Sultaness Head Coffee-House, in Sweetings Rents, by the "Royal
Exchange, London." "Coffee, chocolate, and a kind of drink called
tee, sold in almost every street in 1659."--Rugge's Diurnal. It is
stated in "Boyne's Trade Tokens," ed. Williamson, vol. i., 1889,
p. 593 "that the word tea occurs on no other tokens than those
issued from 'the Great Turk' (Morat ye Great) coffeehouse in
Exchange Alley. The Dutch East India Company introduced tea into
Europe in 1610, and it is said to have been first imported into
England from Holland about 1650. The English "East India Company"
purchased and presented 2 lbs. of tea to Charles II. in 1660, and 23
lbs. in 1666. The first order for its importation by the company
was in 1668, and the first consignment of it, amounting to 143 lbs.,
was received from Bantam in 1669 (see Sir George Birdwood's "Report
on the Old Records at the India Office," 1890, p. 26). By act 12
Car. II., capp. 23, 24, a duty of 8d. per gallon was imposed upon
the infusion of tea, as well as on chocolate and sherbet.]

(a China drink) of which I never had drank before, and went away. Then
came Col. Birch and Sir R. Browne by a former appointment, and with them
from Tower wharf in the barge belonging to our office we went to Deptford
to pay off the ship Success, which (Sir G. Carteret and Sir W. Pen coming
afterwards to us) we did, Col. Birch being a mighty busy man and one that
is the most indefatigable and forward to make himself work of any man that
ever I knew in my life. At the Globe we had a very good dinner, and after
that to the pay again, which being finished we returned by water again,
and I from our office with Col. Slingsby by coach to Westminster (I
setting him down at his lodgings by the way) to inquire for my Lord's
coming thither (the King and the Princess

["The Princess Royall came from Gravesend to Whitehall by water,
attended by a noble retinue of about one hundred persons, gentry,
and servants, and tradesmen, and tirewomen, and others, that took
that opportunity to advance their fortunes, by coming in with so
excellent a Princess as without question she is."-Rugge's Diurnal.
A broadside, entitled "Ourania, the High and Mighty Lady the
Princess Royal of Aurange, congratulated on her most happy arrival,
September the 25th, 1660," was printed on the 29th.]

coming up the river this afternoon as we were at our pay), and I found him
gone to Mr. Crew's, where I found him well, only had got some corns upon
his foot which was not well yet. My Lord told me how the ship that
brought the Princess and him (The Tredagh) did knock six times upon the
Kentish Knock,

[A shoal in the North Sea, off the Thames mouth, outside the Long
Sand, fifteen miles N.N.E. of the North Foreland. It measures seven
miles north-eastward, and about two miles in breadth. It is partly
dry at low water. A revolving light was set up in 1840.]

which put them in great fear for the ship; but got off well. He told me
also how the King had knighted Vice-Admiral Lawson and Sir Richard
Stayner. From him late and by coach home, where the plasterers being at
work in all the rooms in my house, my wife was fain to make a bed upon the
ground for her and me, and so there we lay all night.

26th. Office day. That done to the church, to consult about our gallery.
So home to dinner, where I found Mrs. Hunt, who brought me a letter for me
to get my Lord to sign for her husband, which I shall do for her. At home
with the workmen all the afternoon, our house being in a most sad pickle.
In the evening to the office, where I fell a-reading of Speed's Geography
for a while. So home thinking to have found Will at home, but he not
being come home but gone somewhere else I was very angry, and when he came
did give him a very great check for it, and so I went to bed.

27th. To my Lord at Mr. Crew's, and there took order about some business
of his, and from thence home to my workmen all the afternoon. In the
evening to my Lord's, and there did read over with him and Dr. Walker my
lord's new commission for sea, and advised thereupon how to have it drawn.
So home and to bed.

28th (Office day). This morning Sir W. Batten and Col. Slingsby went with
Col. Birch and Sir Wm. Doyly to Chatham to pay off a ship there. So only
Sir W. Pen and I left here in town. All the afternoon among my workmen
till 10 or 11 at night, and did give them drink and very merry with them,
it being my luck to meet with a sort of drolling workmen on all occasions.
To bed.

29th. All day at home to make an end of our dirty work of the plasterers,
and indeed my kitchen is now so handsome that I did not repent of all the
trouble that I have been put to, to have it done. This day or yesterday,
I hear, Prince Rupert

[This is the first mention in the Diary of this famous prince, third
son of Frederick, Prince Palatine of the Rhine, and Elizabeth,
daughter of James I., born December 17th, 1619. He died at his
house in Spring Gardens, November 29th, 1682.]

is come to Court; but welcome to nobody.

30th (Lord's day). To our Parish church both forenoon and afternoon all
alone. At night went to bed without prayers, my house being every where
foul above stairs.

ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS:

Boy up to-night for his sister to teach him to put me to bed
Diana did not come according to our agreement
Drink at a bottle beer house in the Strand
Finding my wife's clothes lie carelessly laid up
Formerly say that the King was a bastard and his mother a whore
Hand i' the cap
Hired her to procure this poor soul for him
I fear is not so good as she should be
I was angry with her, which I was troubled for
I was exceeding free in dallying with her, and she not unfree
Ill all this day by reason of the last night's debauch
King do tire all his people that are about him with early rising
Kissed them myself very often with a great deal of mirth
My luck to meet with a sort of drolling workmen on all occasions
Show many the strangest emotions to shift off his drink
Upon the leads gazing upon Diana





THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS M.A. F.R.S.

CLERK OF THE ACTS AND SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY

TRANSCRIBED FROM THE SHORTHAND MANUSCRIPT IN THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY
MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE BY THE REV. MYNORS BRIGHT M.A. LATE FELLOW
AND PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE

(Unabridged)

WITH LORD BRAYBROOKE'S NOTES

EDITED WITH ADDITIONS BY

HENRY B. WHEATLEY F.S.A.

DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS.
OCTOBER, NOVEMBER & DECEMBER
1660

October 1st. Early to my Lord to Whitehall, and there he did give me some
work to do for him, and so with all haste to the office. Dined at home,
and my father by chance with me. After dinner he and I advised about
hangings for my rooms, which are now almost fit to be hung, the painters
beginning to do their work to-day. After dinner he and I to the Miter,
where with my uncle Wight (whom my father fetched thither), while I drank
a glass of wine privately with Mr. Mansell, a poor Reformado of the
Charles, who came to see me. Here we staid and drank three or four pints
of wine and so parted. I home to look after my workmen, and at night to
bed. The Commissioners are very busy disbanding of the army, which they
say do cause great robbing. My layings out upon my house an furniture are
so great that I fear I shall not be able to go through them without
breaking one of my bags of L100, I having but L200 yet in the world.

2nd. With Sir Wm. Pen by water to Whitehall, being this morning visited
before I went out by my brother Tom, who told me that for his lying out of
doors a day and a night my father had forbade him to come any more into
his house, at which I was troubled, and did soundly chide him for doing
so, and upon confessing his fault I told him I would speak to my father.
At Whitehall I met with Captain Clerk, and took him to the Leg in King
Street, and did give him a dish or two of meat, and his purser that was
with him, for his old kindness to me on board. After dinner I to
Whitehall, where I met with Mrs. Hunt, and was forced to wait upon Mr.
Scawen at a committee to speak for her husband, which I did. After that
met with Luellin, Mr. Fage, and took them both to the Dog, and did give
them a glass of wine. After that at Will's I met with Mr. Spicer, and
with him to the Abbey to see them at vespers. There I found but a thin
congregation already. So I see that religion, be it what it will, is but
a humour,

[The four humours of the body described by the old physicians were
supposed to exert their influence upon the mind, and in course of
time the mind as well as the body was credited with its own
particular humours. The modern restricted use of the word humour
did not become general until the eighteenth century.]

and so the esteem of it passeth as other things do. From thence with him
to see Robin Shaw, who has been a long time ill, and I have not seen him
since I came from sea. He is much changed, but in hopes to be well again.
From thence by coach to my father's, and discoursed with him about Tom,
and did give my advice to take him home again, which I think he will do in
prudence rather than put him upon learning the way of being worse. So
home, and from home to Major Hart, who is just going out of town
to-morrow, and made much of me, and did give me the oaths of supremacy and
allegiance, that I may be capable of my arrears. So home again, where my
wife tells me what she has bought to-day, namely, a bed and furniture for
her chamber, with which very well pleased I went to bed.

3d. With Sir W. Batten and Pen by water to White Hall, where a meeting of
the Dukes of York and Albemarle, my Lord Sandwich and all the principal
officers, about the Winter Guard, but we determined of nothing. To my
Lord's, who sent a great iron chest to White Hall; and I saw it carried,
into the King's closet, where I saw most incomparable pictures. Among the
rest a book open upon a desk, which I durst have sworn was a reall book,
and back again to my Lord, and dined all alone with him, who do treat me
with a great deal of respect; and after dinner did discourse an hour with
me, and advise about some way to get himself some money to make up for all
his great expenses, saying that he believed that he might have any thing
that he would ask of the King. This day Mr. Sheply and all my Lord's
goods came from sea, some of them laid of the Wardrobe and some brought to
my Lord's house. From thence to our office, where we met and did
business, and so home and spent the evening looking upon the painters that
are at work in my house. This day I heard the Duke speak of a great
design that he and my Lord of Pembroke have, and a great many others, of
sending a venture to some parts of Africa to dig for gold ore there. They
intend to admit as many as will venture their money, and so make
themselves a company. L250 is the lowest share for every man. But I do
not find that my Lord do much like it. At night Dr. Fairbrother (for so
he is lately made of the Civil Law) brought home my wife by coach, it
being rainy weather, she having been abroad today to buy more furniture
for her house.

4th. This morning I was busy looking over papers at the office all alone,
and being visited by Lieut. Lambert of the Charles (to whom I was formerly
much beholden), I took him along with me to a little alehouse hard by our
office, whither my cozen Thomas Pepys the turner had sent for me to show
me two gentlemen that had a great desire to be known to me, one his name
is Pepys, of our family, but one that I never heard of before, and the
other a younger son of Sir Tho. Bendishes, and so we all called cozens.
After sitting awhile and drinking, my two new cozens, myself, and Lieut.
Lambert went by water to Whitehall, and from thence I and Lieut. Lambert
to Westminster Abbey, where we saw Dr. Frewen translated to the
Archbishoprick of York. Here I saw the Bishops of Winchester, Bangor,
Rochester, Bath and Wells, and Salisbury, all in their habits, in King
Henry Seventh's chappell. But, Lord! at their going out, how people did
most of them look upon them as strange creatures, and few with any kind of
love or respect. From thence at 2 to my Lord's, where we took Mr. Sheply
and Wm. Howe to the Raindeer, and had some oysters, which were very good,
the first I have eat this year. So back to my Lord's to dinner, and after
dinner Lieut. Lambert and I did look upon my Lord's model, and he told me
many things in a ship that I desired to understand. From thence by water
I (leaving Lieut. Lambert at Blackfriars) went home, and there by promise
met with Robert Shaw and Jack Spicer, who came to see me, and by the way I
met upon Tower Hill with Mr. Pierce the surgeon and his wife, and took
them home and did give them good wine, ale, and anchovies, and staid them
till night, and so adieu. Then to look upon my painters that are now at
work in my house. At night to bed.

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