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Diary of Samuel Pepys, Complete

S >> Samuel Pepys >> Diary of Samuel Pepys, Complete




[Thomas Case, born 1598, was a famous preacher and a zealous
advocate for the Solemn League and Covenant, a member of the
assembly of divines, and rector of St. Giles's-in-the-Fields. He
was one of the deputation to Charles II. at Breda, and appointed a
royal chaplain. He was ejected by the Act of Uniformity, but
remained in London after his ejection. Died May 30th, 1682.]

So they came in where we were, and I being in haste left my Copenhagen
knife, and so lost it. Having staid here a great while a gentleman that
was going to kiss my Lord's hand, from the Queen of Bohemia, and I hired a
Dutch boat for four rixdollars to carry us on board. We were fain to wait
a great while before we could get off from the shore, the sea being very
rough. The Dutchman would fain have made all pay that came into our boat
besides us two and our company, there being many of our ship's company got
in who were on shore, but some of them had no money, having spent all on
shore. Coming on board we found all the Commissioners of the House of
Lords at dinner with my Lord, who after dinner went away for shore. Mr.
Morland, now Sir Samuel, was here on board, but I do not find that my Lord
or any body did give him any respect, he being looked upon by him and all
men as a knave. Among others he betrayed Sir Rich. Willis

[This is somewhat different to the usual account of Morland's
connection with Sir Richard Willis. In the beginning of 1659
Cromwell, Thurloe, and Willis formed a plot to inveigle Charles II.
into England and into the hands of his enemies. The plot was
discussed in Thurloe's office, and Morland, who pretended to be
asleep, heard it and discovered it. Willis sent for Morland, and
received him in a cellar. He said that one of them must have
discovered the plot. He laid his hand upon the Bible and swore that
he had not been the discoverer, calling upon Morland to do the same.
Morland, with presence of mind, said he was ready to do so if Willis
would give him a reason why he should suspect him. By this ready
answer he is said to have escaped the ordeal (see Birch's "Life of
Thurloe").]

that married Dr. F. Jones's daughter, that he had paid him L1000 at one
time by the Protector's and Secretary Thurloe's order, for intelligence
that he sent concerning the King. In the afternoon my Lord called me on
purpose to show me his fine cloathes which are now come hither, and indeed
are very rich as gold and silver can make them, only his sword he and I do
not like. In the afternoon my Lord and I walked together in the coach two
hours, talking together upon all sorts of discourse: as religion, wherein
he is, I perceive, wholly sceptical, as well as I, saying, that indeed the
Protestants as to the Church of Rome are wholly fanatiques: he likes
uniformity and form of prayer; about State-business, among other things he
told me that his conversion to the King's cause (for so I was saying that
I wondered from what time the King could look upon him to become his
friend), commenced from his being in the Sound, when he found what usage
he was likely to have from a Commonwealth. My Lord, the Captain, and I
supped in my Lord's chamber, where I did perceive that he did begin to
show me much more respect than ever he did yet. After supper, my Lord
sent for me, intending to have me play at cards with him, but I not
knowing cribbage, we fell into discourse of many things, till it was so
rough sea and the ship rolled so much that I was not able to stand, and so
he bid me go to bed.

16th. Soon as I was up I went down to be trimmed below in the great
cabin, but then come in some with visits, among the rest one from Admiral
Opdam,

[The admiral celebrated in Lord Dorset's ballad, "To all you ladies
now at land."

"Should foggy Opdam chance to know
Our sad and dismal story;
The Dutch would scorn so weak a foe,
And quit their fort at Goree
For what resistance can they find
From men who've left their hearts behind?"--B.]

who spoke Latin well, but not French nor English, to whom my Lord made me
to give his answer and to entertain; he brought my Lord a tierce of wine
and a barrel of butter, as a present from the Admiral. After that to
finish my trimming, and while I was doing of it in comes Mr. North very
sea-sick from shore, and to bed he goes. After that to dinner, where
Commissioner Pett was come to take care to get all things ready for the
King on board. My Lord in his best suit, this the first day, in
expectation to wait upon the King. But Mr. Edw. Pickering coming from the
King brought word that the King would not put my Lord to the trouble of
coming to him; but that he would come to the shore to look upon the fleet
to-day, which we expected, and had our guns ready to fire, and our scarlet
waistcloathes out and silk pendants, but he did not come. My Lord and we
at ninepins this afternoon upon the Quarterdeck, which was very pretty
sport. This evening came Mr. John Pickering on board, like an ass, with
his feathers and new suit that he had made at the Hague. My Lord very
angry for his staying on shore, bidding me a little before to send to him,
telling me that he was afraid that for his father's sake he might have
some mischief done him, unless he used the General's name. To supper, and
after supper to cards. I stood by and looked on till 11 at night and so
to bed. This afternoon Mr. Edwd. Pickering told me in what a sad, poor
condition for clothes and money the King was, and all his attendants, when
he came to him first from my Lord, their clothes not being worth forty
shillings the best of them.

[Andrew Marvell alludes to the poor condition, for clothes and
money, in which the King was at this time, in "A Historical Poem":--

"At length, by wonderful impulse of fate,
The people call him back to help the State;
And what is more, they send him money, too,
And clothe him all from head to foot anew."]

And how overjoyed the King was when Sir J. Greenville brought him some
money; so joyful, that he called the Princess Royal and Duke of York to
look upon it as it lay in the portmanteau before it was taken out. My
Lord told me, too, that the Duke of York is made High Admiral of England.

17th. Up early to write down my last two days' observations. Dr. Clerke
came to me to tell me that he heard this morning, by some Dutch that are
come on board already to see the ship, that there was a Portuguese taken
yesterday at the Hague, that had a design to kill the King. But this I
heard afterwards was only the mistake upon one being observed to walk with
his sword naked, he having lost his scabbard. Before dinner Mr. Edw.
Pickering and I, W. Howe, Pim, and my boy,--[Edward Montagu, afterwards
Lord Hinchinbroke.]--to Scheveling, where we took coach, and so to the
Hague, where walking, intending to find one that might show us the King
incognito, I met with Captain Whittington (that had formerly brought a
letter to my Lord from the Mayor of London) and he did promise me to do
it, but first we went and dined at a French house, but paid 16s. for our
part of the club. At dinner in came Dr. Cade, a merry mad parson of the
King's. And they two after dinner got the child and me (the others not
being able to crowd in) to see the King, who kissed the child very
affectionately. Then we kissed his, and the Duke of York's, and the
Princess Royal's hands. The King seems to be a very sober man; and a very
splendid Court he hath in the number of persons of quality that are about
him, English very rich in habit. From the King to the Lord Chancellor,

[On January 29th, 1658, Charles II. entrusted the Great Seal to Sir
Edward Hyde, with the title of Lord Chancellor, and in that
character Sir Edward accompanied the King to England.]

who did lie bed-rid of the gout: he spoke very merrily to the child and
me. After that, going to see the Queen of Bohemia, I met with Dr. Fullers
whom I sent to a tavern with Mr. Edw. Pickering, while I and the rest went
to see the Queen,--[Henrietta Maria.]--who used us very respectfully; her
hand we all kissed. She seems a very debonaire, but plain lady. After
that to the Dr.'s, where we drank a while or so. In a coach of a friend's
of Dr. Cade we went to see a house of the Princess Dowager's in a park
about half-a-mile or a mile from the Hague, where there is one, the most
beautiful room for pictures in the whole world. She had here one picture
upon the top, with these words, dedicating it to the memory of her
husband:--"Incomparabili marito, inconsolabilis vidua."

[Mary, Princess Royal, eldest daughter of Charles I., and widow of
William of Nassau, Prince of Orange. She was not supposed to be
inconsolable, and scandal followed her at the court of Charles II.,
where she died of small-pox, December 24th, 1660.]

Here I met with Mr. Woodcock of Cambridge, Mr. Hardy and another, and Mr.
Woodcock beginning we had two or three fine songs, he and I, and W. Howe
to the Echo, which was very pleasant, and the more because in a heaven of
pleasure and in a strange country, that I never was taken up more with a
sense of pleasure in my life. After that we parted and back to the Hague
and took a tour or two about the Forehault,--[The Voorhout is the
principal street of the Hague, and it is lined with handsome
trees.]--where the ladies in the evening do as our ladies do in Hide Park.
But for my life I could not find one handsome, but their coaches very rich
and themselves so too. From thence, taking leave of the Doctor, we took
wagon to Scheveling, where we had a fray with the Boatswain of the
Richmond, who would not freely carry us on board, but at last he was
willing to it, but then it was so late we durst not go. So we returned
between 10 and 11 at night in the dark with a wagon with one horse to the
Hague, where being come we went to bed as well as we could be
accommodated, and so to sleep.

18th. Very early up, and, hearing that the Duke of York, our Lord High
Admiral, would go on board to-day, Mr. Pickering and I took waggon for
Scheveling, leaving the child in Mr. Pierces hands, with directions to
keep him within doors all day till he heard from me. But the wind being
very high that no boats could get off from shore, we returned to the Hague
(having breakfasted with a gentleman of the Duke's, and Commissioner Pett,
sent on purpose to give notice to my Lord of his coming), where I hear
that the child is gone to Delfe to see the town. So we all and Mr. Ibbott,
the Minister, took a schuit--[The trekschuit (drag-boat) along the canal
is still described as an agreeable conveyance from Leyden to Delft.]--and
very much pleased with the manner and conversation of the passengers,
where most speak French; went after them, but met them by the way. But
however we went forward making no stop. Where when we were come we got a
smith's boy of the town to go along with us, but could speak nothing but
Dutch, and he showed us the church where Van Trump lies entombed with a
very fine monument. His epitaph concluded thus:--"Tandem Bello Anglico
tantum non victor, certe invictus, vivere et vincere desiit." There is a
sea-fight cut in marble, with the smoke, the best expressed that ever I
saw in my life. From thence to the great church, that stands in a fine
great market-place, over against the Stadt-house, and there I saw a
stately tomb of the old Prince of Orange, of marble and brass; wherein
among other rarities there are the angels with their trumpets expressed as
it were crying. Here were very fine organs in both the churches. It is a
most sweet town, with bridges, and a river in every street. Observing
that in every house of entertainment there hangs in every room a
poor-man's box, and desiring to know the reason thereof, it was told me
that it is their custom to confirm all bargains by putting something into
the poor people's box, and that binds as fast as any thing. We also saw
the Guesthouse, where it was very pleasant to see what neat preparation
there is for the poor. We saw one poor man a-dying there. After we had
seen all, we light by chance of an English house to drink in, where we
were very merry, discoursing of the town and the thing that hangs up in
the Stadthouse like a bushel, which I was told is a sort of punishment for
some sort of offenders to carry through the streets of the town over his
head, which is a great weight. Back by water, where a pretty sober Dutch
lass sat reading all the way, and I could not fasten any discourse upon
her. At our landing we met with Commissioner Pett going down to the
water-side with Major Harly, who is going upon a dispatch into England.
They having a coach I left the Parson and my boy and went along with
Commissioner Pett, Mr. Ackworth and Mr. Dawes his friends, to the Princess
Dowager's house again. Thither also my Lord Fairfax and some other English
Lords did come to see it, and my pleasure was increased by seeing of it
again. Besides we went into the garden, wherein are gallant nuts better
than ever I saw, and a fine Echo under the house in a vault made on
purpose with pillars, where I played on my flageolette to great advantage.
Back to the Hague, where not finding Mr. Edward, I was much troubled, but
went with the Parson to supper to Commissioner Pett, where we sat late.
And among other mirth Mr. Ackworth vyed wives, each endeavouring to set
his own wife out to the best advantage, he having as they said an
extraordinary handsome wife. But Mr. Dawes could not be got to say
anything of his. After that to our lodging where W. Howe and I exceeding
troubled not to know what is become of our young gentleman. So to bed.

19th. Up early, hearing nothing of the child, and went to Scheveling,
where I found no getting on board, though the Duke of York sent every day
to see whether he could do it or no. Here I met with Mr. Pinkney and his
sons, and with them went back to the Hague, in our way lighting and going
to see a woman that makes pretty rock-work in shells, &c., which could I
have carried safe I would have bought some of. At the Hague we went to
buy some pictures, where I saw a sort of painting done upon woollen cloth,
drawn as if there was a curtain over it, which was very pleasant, but
dear. Another pretty piece of painting I saw, on which there was a great
wager laid by young Pinkney and me whether it was a principal or a copy.
But not knowing how to decide, it was broken off, and I got the old man to
lay out as much as my piece of gold come to, and so saved my money, which
had been 24s. lost, I fear. While we were here buying of pictures, we saw
Mr. Edward and his company land. Who told me that they had been at Leyden
all night, at which I was very angry with Mr. Pierce, and shall not be
friends I believe a good while. To our lodging to dinner. After that out
to buy some linen to wear against to-morrow, and so to the barber's.
After that by waggon to Lausdune, where the 365 children were born. We
saw the hill where they say the house stood and sunk wherein the children
were born. The basins wherein the male and female children were baptized
do stand over a large table that hangs upon a wall, with the whole story
of the thing in Dutch and Latin, beginning, "Margarita Herman Comitissa,"
&c. The thing was done about 200 years ago.

The town is a little small village which answers much to one of our small
villages, such a one as Chesterton in all respects, and one could have
thought it in England but for the language of the people. We went into a
little drinking house where there were a great many Dutch boors eating of
fish in a boorish manner, but very merry in their way. But the houses
here as neat as in the great places. From thence to the Hague again
playing at crambo--[Crambo is described as "a play at short verses in
which a word is given, and the parties contend who can find most rhymes to
it."]--in the waggon, Mr. Edward, Mr. Ibbott, W. Howe, Mr. Pinkney, and I.
When we were come thither W. Howe, and Mr. Ibbott, and Mr. Pinckney went
away for Scheveling, while I and the child to walk up and down the town,
where I met my old chamber-fellow, Mr. Ch. Anderson, and a friend of his
(both Physicians), Mr. Wright, who took me to a Dutch house, where there
was an exceeding pretty lass, and right for the sport, but it being
Saturday we could not have much of her company, but however I staid with
them (having left the child with my uncle Pickering, whom I met in the
street) till 12 at night. By that time Charles was almost drunk, and then
broke up, he resolving to go thither again, after he had seen me at my
lodging, and lie with the girl, which he told me he had done in the
morning. Going to my lodging we met with the bellman, who struck upon a
clapper, which I took in my hand, and it is just like the clapper that our
boys frighten the birds away from the corn with in summer time in England.
To bed.

20th. Up early, and with Mr. Pickering and the child by waggon to
Scheveling, where it not being yet fit to go off, I went to lie down in a
chamber in the house, where in another bed there was a pretty Dutch woman
in bed alone, but though I had a month's-mind

[Month's-mind. An earnest desire or longing, explained as alluding
to "a woman's longing." See Shakespeare, "Two Gentlemen of Verona,"
act i. sc. 2:

"I see you have a month's mind to them."--M. B.]

I had not the boldness to go to her. So there I slept an hour or two. At
last she rose, and then I rose and walked up and down the chamber, and saw
her dress herself after the Dutch dress, and talked to her as much as I
could, and took occasion, from her ring which she wore on her first
finger, to kiss her hand, but had not the face to offer anything more. So
at last I left her there and went to my company. About 8 o'clock I went
into the church at Scheveling, which was pretty handsome, and in the
chancel a very great upper part of the mouth of a whale, which indeed was
of a prodigious bigness, bigger than one of our long boats that belong to
one of our ships. Commissioner Pett at last came to our lodging, and
caused the boats to go off; so some in one boat and some in another we all
bid adieu to the shore. But through badness of weather we were in great
danger, and a great while before we could get to the ship, so that of all
the company not one but myself that was not sick. I keeping myself in the
open air, though I was soundly wet for it. This hath not been known four
days together such weather at this time of year, a great while. Indeed
our fleet was thought to be in great danger, but we found all well, and
Mr. Thos. Crew came on board. I having spoke a word or two with my Lord,
being not very well settled, partly through last night's drinking and want
of sleep, I lay down in my gown upon my bed and slept till the 4 o'clock
gun the next morning waked me, which I took for 8 at night, and rising
. . . mistook the sun rising for the sun setting on Sunday night.

21st. So into my naked bed

[This is a somewhat late use of an expression which was once
universal. It was formerly the custom for both sexes to sleep in
bed without any nightlinen.

"Who sees his true love in her naked bed,
Teaching the sheets a whiter hue than white."

Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis.

Nares ("Glossary") notes the expression so late as in the very odd
novel by T. Amory, called "John Bunde," where a young lady declares,
after an alarm, "that she would never go into naked bed on board
ship again." Octavo edition, vol. i. p. 90.]

and slept till 9 o'clock, and then John Goods waked me, [by] and by the
captain's boy brought me four barrels of Mallows oysters, which Captain
Tatnell had sent me from Murlace.--[Apparently Mallows stands for St. Malo
and Murlace for Morlaise.]--The weather foul all this day also. After
dinner, about writing one thing or other all day, and setting my papers in
order, having been so long absent. At night Mr. Pierce, Purser (the other
Pierce and I having not spoken to one another since we fell out about Mr.
Edward), and Mr. Cook sat with me in my cabin and supped with me, and then
I went to bed. By letters that came hither in my absence, I understand
that the Parliament had ordered all persons to be secured, in order to a
trial, that did sit as judges in the late King's death, and all the
officers too attending the Court. Sir John Lenthall moving in the House,
that all that had borne arms against the King should be exempted from
pardon, he was called to the bar of the House, and after a severe reproof
he was degraded his knighthood. At Court I find that all things grow
high. The old clergy talk as being sure of their lands again, and laugh
at the Presbytery; and it is believed that the sales of the King's and
Bishops' lands will never be confirmed by Parliament, there being nothing
now in any man's, power to hinder them and the King from doing what they
have a mind, but every body willing to submit to any thing. We expect
every day to have the King and Duke on board as soon as it is fair. My
Lord do nothing now, but offers all things to the pleasure of the Duke as
Lord High Admiral. So that I am at a loss what to do.

22nd. Up very early, and now beginning to be settled in my wits again, I
went about setting down my last four days' observations this morning.
After that, was trimmed by a barber that has not trimmed me yet, my
Spaniard being on shore. News brought that the two Dukes are coming on
board, which, by and by, they did, in a Dutch boats the Duke of York in
yellow trimmings, the Duke of Gloucester

[Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the youngest child of Charles L, born
July 6th, 16--, who, with his sister Elizabeth, was allowed a
meeting with his father on the night before the King's execution.
Burnet says: "He was active, and loved business; was apt to have
particular friendships, and had an insinuating temper which was
generally very acceptable. The King loved him much better than the
Duke of York." He died of smallpox at Whitehall, September 13th,
1660, and was buried in Henry VII's Chapel.]

in grey and red. My Lord went in a boat to meet them, the Captain,
myself, and others, standing at the entering port. So soon as they were
entered we shot the guns off round the fleet. After that they went to
view the ship all over, and were most exceedingly pleased with it. They
seem to be both very fine gentlemen. After that done, upon the
quarter-deck table, under the awning, the Duke of York and my Lord, Mr.
Coventry,

[William Coventry, to whom Pepys became so warmly attached
afterwards, was the fourth son of Thomas, first Lord Coventry, the
Lord Keeper. He was born in 1628, and entered at Queen's College,
Oxford, in 1642; after the Restoration he became private secretary
to the Duke of York, his commission as Secretary to the Lord High
Admiral not being conferred until 1664; elected M.P. for Great
Yarmouth in 1661. In 1662 he was appointed an extra Commissioner of
the Navy, an office he held until 1667; in 1665, knighted and sworn
a Privy Councillor, and, in 1667, constituted a Commissioner of the
Treasury; but, having been forbid the court on account of his
challenging the Duke of Buckingham, he retired into the country, nor
could he subsequently be prevailed upon to accept of any official
employment. Burnet calls Sir William Coventry the best speaker in
the House of Commons, and "a man of the finest and best temper that
belonged to the court," and Pepys never omits an opportunity of
paying a tribute to his public and private worth. He died, 1686, of
gout in the stomach.]

and I, spent an hour at allotting to every ship their service, in their
return to England; which having done, they went to dinner, where the table
was very full: the two Dukes at the upper end, my Lord Opdam next on one
side, and my Lord on the other. Two guns given to every man while he was
drinking the King's health, and so likewise to the Duke's health. I took
down Monsieur d'Esquier to the great cabin below, and dined with him in
state alone with only one or two friends of his. All dinner the harper
belonging to Captain Sparling played to the Dukes. After dinner, the
Dukes and my Lord to see the Vice and Rear-Admirals; and I in a boat after
them. After that done, they made to the shore in the Dutch boat that
brought them, and I got into the boat with them; but the shore was so full
of people to expect their coming, as that it was as black (which otherwise
is white sand), as every one could stand by another. When we came near
the shore, my Lord left them and came into his own boat, and General Pen
and I with him; my Lord being very well pleased with this day's work. By
the time we came on board again, news is sent us that the King is on
shore; so my Lord fired all his guns round twice, and all the fleet after
him, which in the end fell into disorder, which seemed very handsome. The
gun over against my cabin I fired myself to the King, which was the first
time that he had been saluted by his own ships since this change; but
holding my head too much over the gun, I had almost spoiled my right eye.
Nothing in the world but going of guns almost all this day. In the
evening we began to remove cabins; I to the carpenter's cabin, and Dr.
Clerke with me, who came on board this afternoon, having been twice ducked
in the sea to-day coming from shore, and Mr. North and John Pickering the
like. Many of the King's servants came on board to-night; and so many
Dutch of all sorts came to see the ship till it was quite dark, that we
could not pass by one another, which was a great trouble to us all. This
afternoon Mr. Downing (who was knighted yesterday by the King') was here
on board, and had a ship for his passage into England, with his lady and
servants.

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